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Italian Prepositions: Prepositions of Place and Time

Italian prepositions are words that relate (of time, place, possession, etc.) to other words in a sentence. The most common Italian prepositions are: (Di, A, Da, In, Con, Su, Per, Tra /Fra).

Prepositions In Italian (Part 2)
Italian Prepositions: Prepositions of Place and Time

1. How to use prepositions of place in Italian?

We have seen several Italian prepositions used to express [luogo (place)]. Let’s now see some rules that apply to the use of (A), (IN) and (DA).

1. The Italian preposition of place (a) is used with:

A). The names of cities, towns or small islands and with the cardinal points:

  • Carlo abita a Lucignano.
  • (Carlo lives in Lucignano)
  • Piazza San Marco è a Venezia.
  • (San Marco Square is in Venice.)
  • Glasgow è a ovest di Edimburgo.
  • (Glasgow is west of Edinburgh.)
  • Giovedì vado a bologna.
  • (Thursday I’m going to Bologna)
  • L’estate prossima andiamo in vacanza al Nord.
  • (Next summer we will go on a vacation to the North)
  • Abito a Padova.
  • (I live in Padua)
  • Quest’anno vado a Spoleto per il festival.
  • (This year I’m going to Spoleto for the festival)
  • Non so cosa darei per vivere all’isola d’Elba.
  • (I don’t know what I would give to live on the island of Elba)

B). With the word [casa (house)]

  • Questa sera resto a casa.
  • (I’m staying at home tonight.)
  • Domani siamo invitati a cena a casa di Carlo.
  • (Tomorrow we are invited to dinner at Carlo’s house.)

C). With the following words:

  • A scuola (at school)
  • All’università (at the university)
  • Al cinema (at the cinema)
  • A teatro (at the theatre)
  • Al mercato (to the market)
  • Al ristorante (at the restaurant)
  • Allo stadio (at the stadium)
  • Al mare (at the sea)
  • A destra (to the right)
  • A sinistra (to the left)
  • All’estero (abroad / overseas)
  • Al telefono (on the telephone)

2. The Italain preposition of place (in) is used with:

A). The names of continents, countries, regions or large islands.(without definite article)

  • Anna lavora in Inghilterra.
  • (Anna works in England)
  • Edimburgo è in Scozia.
  • (Edinburgh is in Scotland)
  • Mia zia abita in Toscana.
  • (My aunt lives in Tuscany)
  • Chi viene in Europa ha la possibilità di visitare molti paesi ricchi di storia.
  • (Those who come to Europe have the opportunity to visit many countries rich in history)
  • Mi piacerebbe vivere in Portogallo per un pò di tempo.
  • (I would love to live in Portugal for some time)
  • In Emilia Romagna il tasso di disoccupazione è molto basso.
  • (In Emilia Romagna the unemployment rate is very low)
  • L’anno scorso ho trscorso le vacanze in Madagascar.
  • (Last year I took holidays in Madagascar)

B). To indicate a location.

  • Nel tuo Zaino ci sono troppi libri.
  • (There are too many books in your backpack)

C). With names of shops, workplaces, public places, etc.

  • Claudio è in ufficio.
  • (Claudio is in the office.)
  • Nella macelleria si può comprare dell’ottima carne.
  • (In the butcher’s shop you can buy excellent meat.)
  • Stasera sandra e io andiamo in pizzeria.
  • (Tonight Sandra and I are going to the pizzeria.)
  • I francobolli si comprano in posta o in tabaccheria.
  • (The stamps can be bought in the post office or tobacconist’s)
  • Ogni domenica alle ore 10 vado alla messa nella chiesa di Sant’Antonio.
  • Every Sunday at 10 I go to mass in the church of Sant’Antonio.

D). With Names of squares, streets, etc.

  • Abito in via dei Pini.
  • (I live in Pini street)
  • In piazza del Duomo a Parma ci sono opere artistiche di grande valore.
  • (In the piazza del Duomo in Parma there are artistic works of great value.)

E) With parts of the house.

  • Gianni è sceso in garage a pulire la bicicletta.
  • (Gianni went down to the garage to clean the bicycle)
  • Preferisco mangiare con gli amici in soggiorno, perchè in cuina c’è poco spazio.
  • (I prefer to eat with friends in the living room, because there is little space in the kitchen.
  • Nei bagni inglesi normalmente non c’è il bidè.
  • (In English bathrooms there is normally no bidet)

F). With the following words:

  • In centro (in downtown)
  • In periferia (in suburbs)
  • In campagna (in the county side)
  • In montagna (in the mountains)

3. The Italian preposition of place (da) is used:

A). To express origin.

  • Vengo da Londra, la più bella città d’Europa.
  • (I come from London, The most beautiful city in Europe.)
  • Karl è tedesco, viene da Norimberga.
  • (Karl is German, he comes from Nuremberg)

B). Da + person’s name or job name.

  • Stasera vengo da te, ma prima passo da Roberto.
  • (Tonight I’ll come to you, but first I’ll step by Roberto
  • Sarò dal dentista alle 4 oggi pomeriggio.
  • (I’ll be at the dentist at 4 this afternoon)

C). We use (in) and (da) with the names of the shops or the person’s name.

  • Vado dal salumiere.
  • (I go to the butcher)
  • Vado in salumeria
  • (I go to the delicatessen)
  • We use Da….A. to Express that we move from one place to another.
  • In treno si va da Milano a Bologna in due ore.
  • (By train, yo it takes two hours to go from Milano to Bologna)



4. Other Italian Prepositions express place:

Su (on)
Sopra (above)
Accanto a (next to/near)
Sotto (under)Di fianco a (alongside/next to)
Fra/Tra (between)Per / Attraverso (via/across)
Dietro (behind)Fino a (as far as/until)
Davanti (in front of)Lungo (along)
Dentro (in/inside)Vicino a (close to/next to)
Fuori da/di (outside of)Lontano da (far from)
Italian Prepositions: Prepositions of Place
  • Il gatto è sulla sedia.
  • (The cat is in the chair)
  • Il gatto è sotto la sedia.
  • (The cat is under the chair)
  • Il gatto dorme tra le sedie.
  • (The cat sleeps between the chairs)
  • Il gatto è dietro la sedia.
  • (The cat is behind the chair)
  • Il gatto gioca davanti allo specchio.
  • (The cat plays in front of the mirror)
  • Il gatto dentro la scatola.
  • (The cat inside the box)
  • Il gatto dorme fuori della Finestra.
  • (The cat sleeps outside the window)
  • Il gatto è accanto alla finestra.
  • (The cat is by the window.)
  • I due gatti sono uno di fianco all’altro.
  • (The two cats are side by side.)
  • Mi piace camminare per/ attraverso il centro di Roma.
  • (I like walking to / through the center of Rome)
  • Vada diritto fino al semaforo e poi volti a destra.
  • (Go straight until the traffic lights and then turn right)
  • Che bello camminare lungo i canali di Venezia!
  • (How nice to walk along the canals of Venice!)
  • Milano si trova vicino a Torino.
  • (Milan is located near Turin.)
  • Venezia si trova lontano da Palermo.
  • (Venice is located far from Paleremo)
  • Il libro è sopra il tavolo.
  • (The book is on the table)

When these Italian prepositions of place are used with a personal pronoun, the pronoun is preceded by (Di).

  • Prima di te ci sono dieci persone in conda.
  • (There are ten people in conda before you)
  • Sopra di me abita mia amica.
  • (Above me lives my friend)

2. Italian prepositions of time

We have seen several Italian prepositions used to express [tempo (time)]. Let’s now see how to use prepositions of time.

1. The Italian preposition of time (a) is used with:

A). Hours (combined with the definite article) and with the names of holidays

  • Abbiamo appuntamento alle 17.
  • (We have an appointment at 5pm.)
  • L’aereo arriva alle 22,45.
  • (The plane arrives at 22.45.)
  • Cosa fate a Capodanno?
  • (What are you doing in the New Year’s Eve?)
  • A Pasqua voglio andare in Cina.
  • (At Easter I want to go to China.)

With Full dates, no preposition is needed.

  • Sono nata il 20 dicembre 1971.
  • (I was born on 20 December 1971.)

2. The Italian preposition of time (in) is used with:

A). Seasons, years, and centuries (in the latter two cases always with the definite article).

  • In Estate fa sempre caldo.
  • (In Summer it is always hot.)
  • Claudia è nata nel 1999.
  • (Claudia was born in 1999.)
  • Tullio scrive un articolo sulla medicina nel diciannovesimo secolo.
  • (Tullio writes an article on medicine in the nineteenth century)
  • Sabina studia l’evoluzione della lingua Italiana nell’ottocento.
  • (Sabina studies the evolution of the Italian language in the nineteenth century)

B). With days of the week, the preposition is not required.

  • Linuccio ha fatto un esame mercoledì 14 giugno 1995.
  • (Linuccio took an exam on Wednesday 14 June 1995).

When the action occurs habitually, we use the article before the day.

  • La domenica non si lavora.
  • (There is no work on Sundays).

C). With Month names both (a) and (in) can be used

  • Devo dare esami a settembre.
  • (I have to take exams in September).
  • In febbraio non ci sono vacanze.
  • (There are no holidays in February).

B). The Preposition (in) indicates the time needed to perform an action.

  • Non è possibile fare questo lavoro in dieci minuti.
  • (It is not possible to do this job in ten minutes.)
  • Ho fatto i compiti in due ore.
  • (I did my homework in two hours)

3. The Italian preposition of time (tra) Indicates:

The time left to the start of an action.

  • La lezione comincia fra dieci minuti
  • (Class Starts in ten minutes)
  • Fra Venti minuti devo tornare a lavorare.
  • (I have to go back to work in twenty minutes.)

4. The preposition of time (per) Indicates:

  1. The duration of time.
    • Vado in vacanza per due settimane.
    • (I’m going on vacation for two weeks)
  2. With holiday names.
    • Per natale vorrei andare a sciare.
    • (For Christmas I would like to go skiing)

5. The Italian preposition of time (di) is used with:

Days of the week

  • I negozi sono chiusi di lunedì mattina.
  • (Shops are closed on Monday mornings.)
  • Di Domenica Passa il tempo a guardare la televisione.
  • (On Sundays spend your time watching television.)

Parts of the day

  • Di mattino è bello stare a letto.
  • (In the morning it is good to be in bed)

6. The Italian preposition of time (da) is used to indicate:

The starting moment of an action that continues in the present.

  • Costantino studia dal 1997 = Costantino ha cominciato a studiare nel 1977.
  • (Costantine has been studying since 1779 = Costantine started studying in 1977.)

7. (Da.. a) is used to indicate the duration by specifying the start and the end.

  • Ho dormito dalle 11 di ieri sera fino all’una di oggi pomeriggio.
  • (I slept from 11 last night until 1 this afternoon)

8. (Fino a) is used to indicate the moment in which an action started in the past ends.

  • Ieri sera ho guardato la TV fino alle 2:30
  • (Last night I watched TV until 2:30)

9. The Italian preposition of time (Prima di)

  • Prima di andare in vacanza / Prima delle vacanze, Giorgio Rossi era molto depresso.
  • (Before going on vacation / Before the holidays, Giogio Rossi was very depressed)

10. The Italian preposition of time (Durante / Mentre)

  • Durante le vacanze Giorgio Rossi pensava al suo futuro.
  • (During the holidays Giorgio Rossi thought about his future).
  • Mentre era in vacanza, Giorgio Rossi pensava al suo futuro.
  • (While on vacation, Giorgio Rossi thought about his future).

11. The Italian preposition of time (Dopo)

  • Dopo le vacanze / Dopo essere tornato dalle vacanze, la vita di Giorgio Rossi è cambiata competamente.
  • (After the holidays / After returning from holidays, Giorgio Rossi’s life has changed completely.)