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I pronomi atoni combianti / Combined atonic pronouns.

Atonic pronouns (mi, ti, si, gli, ci, vi, si) can appear in pairs with (lo, la, li, le, ne). In this case, they precede them.

The (-i) changes to (-e) >>(me, te, se, ce, ve, se).

GLI becomes (Glie) and forms a single word with (lo/la/li/le/ne) >> (glielo, gliela, glieli, gliele, gliene).

In the first position, there is always the indirect complement pronoun: me/te/se, etc.

In the second position, we have the direct object lo/la/li/le or ne.

LoLaLiLeNe
mi
ti
si
gli/le
ci
vi
si		me lo
te lo
se lo
glielo
ce lo
ve lo
se lo		me la
te la
se la
gliela
ce la
ve la
se la		me li
te li
se li
glieli
ce li
ve li
se li		me le
te le
se le
gliele
ce le
ve le
se le		me ne
te ne
se ne
gliene
ce ne
ve ne
se ne

Positions of combined pronouns.

They are placed before the verb with all the finite modes (with the exception of the imperative) however with the indefinite modes they are placed after the verb and combined with it.

  • Finite modes: Give us information about who performs the action (person and number) and about time. They are (indicative, subjunctive, conditional, and imperative).
  • Indefinite modes: Give us information only about the time. They are (infinitive, participle, and gerund).

Example:

  • Il libro me lo prestava sempre.
  • He always lent me the book.
  • Le lettere se le tiene gelosamente per sé.
  • He jealously keeps the letters to himself.
  • La nausea gli saliva, se la sentiva fino in goal.
  • Nausea was rising, he felt it deep in his throat.
  • I soldi ve li porterà domain.
  • He’ll bring you the money tomorrow.
  • Ce ne fossero dei quattrini!
  • If only there were some money!

But with the (imperative, infinitive, participle, and gerund).

  • Darmelo, tenersela, portarveli, essercene, tenutesele, avendoveli portati, portandoveli.

Combined pronouns with the imperative.

In the (direct/informal) imperative, the combined pronouns are placed after the verb and attached to it.

  • Tenetevelo!
  • Keep it!
  • Andiamocene!
  • Let’s leave!
  • Smettiamola!
  • Let’s stop!
  • Riconsegnaglielo!
  • Give it back to him!

In the negative form of the imperative with (tu, noi, voi) the combined pronouns can be placed both before and after the verb.

  • Non andartene! – Non te ne andare!
  • Do not go!
  • Non mangiamocele subito! – Non ce le mangiamo subito!
  • let’s not eat them right away!
  • Non ripeteteglielo più! – Non glielo ripetete più!
  • Don’t tell him that again!

Combined pronouns are always placed before the verb in the form of politeness (Lei, Loro).

  • Ce lo racconti per filo e per segno!
  • Tell us about it in detail!
  • Glielo diano finalmente questo benedetto diploma!
  • Let them finally give him this blessed diploma!

Combined pronouns with the gerund.

  • Ho danneggiato la macchina, parcheggiandola.
  • (I damaged my car while parking it).
  • Conosco bene questo libro, avendolo letto due volte.
  • (I know this book well, having read it twice).

Combined pronouns with the infinitive.

Combined pronouns in the infinitive lose the final -e.

  • Hai fatto bene a ricordarmelo.
  • You did well to remind me of that.
  • Devi farcela!
  • You have to do it!

Verbs ending in -rre (“porre” “tradurre” “sedurre”) lose the final -re.

  • Non può tradurlo subito.
  • He can’t translate it right away.

Combined pronouns with the past participle.

When combined pronouns are used with a verb in a compound tense, the past participle of the verb must agree in gender and number with the pronoun.

  • Avevamo l’auto di Marco, ma gliel’abbiamo resa ieri.
  • We had Marco’s car, but we returned it to him yesterday.
  • Mi servivano 100 euro e me li ha prestati Luisa.
  • I needed 100 euros and Luisa lent it to me.
  • Carla voleva dei libri da leggere e gliene ho portati sei.
  • Carla wanted some books to read and I brought her six.

The combined pronouns can be joined to the infinitive of the verbs (dovere, potere, volere and sapere) and, in this case, the past participle must not agree with the pronoun.

  • Silvia ha dei problemi, ma non ha voluto parlarmene. ha voluta parlarmene.
  • Silvia has problems, but she didn’t want to tell me about them.
  • Volevo un’informazione, ma non hanno saputo darmela. hanno saputi/sapute darmela.
  • I wanted information, but they couldn’t give it to me.