Tipologie di industrie e settori | Types of Industries and Sectors
- Il settore primario / secondario / terziario / quaternario (The primary / secondary / tertiary / quaternary sector)
- L’industria pesante (siderurgica, cantieristica, estrattiva) [The heavy industry (steel, shipbuilding, mining)]
- L’industria leggera (alimentare, tessile, elettronica di consumo) [The light industry (food, textile, consumer electronics)]
- L’industria manifatturiera / di trasformazione (The manufacturing / processing industry)
- L’industria di beni strumentali / capitali (The capital goods industry)
- L’industria di beni di consumo (durevoli, non durevoli) [The consumer goods industry (durable, non-durable)]
- L’industria farmaceutica / biotecnologica (The pharmaceutical / biotechnology industry)
- L’industria chimica (di base, fine) [The chemical industry (basic, fine)]
- L’industria petrolchimica / del gas (The petrochemical / gas industry)
- L’industria automobilistica / dei veicoli (The automotive / vehicle industry)
- L’industria aerospaziale / della difesa (The aerospace / defense industry)
- L’industria navale / cantieristica (The naval / shipbuilding industry)
- L’industria meccanica / delle macchine utensili (The mechanical engineering / machine tool industry)
- L’industria elettronica / dei semiconduttori (The electronics / semiconductor industry)
- L’industria delle telecomunicazioni (The telecommunications industry)
- L’industria informatica / del software (The IT / software industry)
- L’industria dell’intrattenimento (cinema, musica, gaming) [The entertainment industry (film, music, gaming)]
- L’industria editoriale / dei media (The publishing / media industry)
- L’industria cartaria / della cellulosa (The paper / pulp industry)
- L’industria del legno / del mobile (The wood / furniture industry)
- L’industria della moda / dell’abbigliamento / del lusso (The fashion / apparel / luxury industry)
- L’industria calzaturiera (The footwear industry)
- L’industria cosmetica / della bellezza (The cosmetics / beauty industry)
- L’industria alimentare e delle bevande (The food and beverage industry)
- L’industria agroalimentare (The agrifood industry)
- L’industria vinicola / enologica (The wine industry)
- L’industria alberghiera / dell’ospitalitร (The hotel / hospitality industry)
- L’industria del turismo (The tourism industry)
- L’industria delle costruzioni / edile (The construction industry)
- L’industria immobiliare (The real estate industry)
- L’industria assicurativa (The insurance industry)
- L’industria bancaria / finanziaria (The banking / financial industry)
- L’industria dei trasporti (logistica, spedizioni) (The transport industry (logistics, shipping)]
- L’industria energetica (rinnovabili, fossili) [The energy industry (renewables, fossil fuels)]
- L’industria delle utility (acqua, gas, luce) [The utilities industry (water, gas, electricity)]
- L’industria dei rifiuti / del riciclo (The waste / recycling industry)
- L’industria della salute / sanitaria (The healthcare industry)
- L’industria dello sport / del fitness (The sports / fitness industry)
- Il distretto industriale / Il cluster (The industrial district / cluster)
- La filiera produttiva / La catena del valore (The production chain / value chain)
- La supply chain / La catena di fornitura (The supply chain)
- L’indotto industriale (The ancillary / supporting industries)
- La subfornitura / La subcontracting (The subcontracting)
- Il ciclo produttivo (The production cycle)
- La capacitร produttiva / Il carico di lavoro (The production capacity / workload)
- La saturazione / Il sottoutilizzo degli impianti (The overcapacity / underutilization of plants)
- La manutenzione (ordinaria, straordinaria) [The (ordinary, extraordinary) maintenance]
- L’ammodernamento / L’upgrade tecnologico (The modernization / technological upgrade)
- La riconversione industriale (The industrial reconversion)
- La delocalizzazione / La rilocalizzazione (The offshoring / reshoring)
- La produzione snella / lean manufacturing (The lean manufacturing)
- La produzione just-in-time (JIT) (The Just-in-time production)
- L’industria 4.0 / La fabbrica intelligente (The industry 4.0 / smart factory)
- L’automazione industriale / La robotica (The industrial automation / robotics)
- L’Internet delle Cose (IoT) industriale [The Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT)]
- La stampa 3D / La produzione additiva (The 3D printing / additive manufacturing)
- La digitalizzazione dei processi industriali (The digitalization of industrial processes)
- La ricerca e sviluppo industriale (R&S) [The industrial research and development (R&D)]
- Il brevetto industriale / La proprietร intellettuale (The industrial patent / intellectual property)
- Lo standard industriale / La norma di settore (The industrial standard / industry norm)
- Il consorzio industriale (The industrial consortium)
- L’associazione di categoria / industriale (The industry association)
Verbs | Verbi
- Industrializzare / Sviluppare l’industria (To industrialize / develop industry)
- Produrre / Fabbricare in serie (To produce / manufacture in series)
- Assemblare / Montare (To assemble)
- Trasformare / Lavorare la materia prima (To process / work the raw material)
- Automatizzare / Robotizzare una linea (To automate / robotize a line)
- Ottimizzare i processi / Razionalizzare (To optimize processes / rationalize)
- Delocalizzare / Spostare la produzione (To offshore / move production)
- Rilocalizzare / Ripatriare la produzione (To reshore / repatriate production)
- Riconvertire / Cambiare produzione (To reconvert / change production)
- Ammodernare / Aggiornare gli impianti (To modernize / update plants)
- Manutenere / Sostituire un macchinario (To maintain / replace a machine)
- Saturare / Sfruttare a pieno la capacitร (To saturate / fully utilize capacity)
- Sottoutilizzare / Avere capacitร in eccesso (To underutilize / have excess capacity)
- Fornire / Essere un fornitore (To supply / be a supplier)
- Subappaltare / Affidare in subfornitura (To subcontract / outsource)
- Standardizzare / Uniformare (To standardize / make uniform)
- Innovare / Introdurre nuove tecnologie (To innovate / introduce new technologies)
- Ricercare / Sviluppare nuovi prodotti (To research / develop new products)
- Brevetare / Proteggere un’invenzione (To patent / protect an invention)
- Inquinare / Depurare (To pollute / purify)
- Rispettare le norme di settore (To comply with industry standards)
- Fare parte di un distretto / cluster (To be part of a district / cluster)
Aggettivi | Adjectives
- Industriale / Manifatturiero (Industrial / Manufacturing)
- Pesante / Leggero (Heavy / Light)
- Ad alta intensitร di capitale / di lavoro (Capital-intensive / Labor-intensive)
- Ad alta intensitร tecnologica / conoscitiva (Technology-intensive / Knowledge-intensive)
- Inquinante / Inquinato (Polluting / Polluted)
- Pulito / Green / Sostenibile (Clean / Green / Sustainable)
- Obsoleto / Datato (Obsolete / Dated)
- All’avanguardia / Di punta (State-of-the-art / Cutting-edge)
- Competitivo / Non competitivo (a livello internazionale) [(Internationally) Competitive / Uncompetitive]
- Protetto / Sussidiato (Protected / Subsidized)
- Ciclico / Anticiclico (Cyclical / Counter-cyclical)
- Matur / Saturo (Mature / Saturated)
- Nascente / Emergente (Nascent / Emerging)
- In declino / In crisi (Declining / In crisis)
- Integrato (verticalmente/orizzontalmente) [(Vertically/horizontally) Integrated]
- Frammentato / Consolidato (Fragmented / Consolidated)
- Flessibile / Rigido (Flexible / Rigid)
- Efficiente / Produttivo (Efficient / Productive)
- Inefficiente / Improduttivo (Inefficient / Unproductive)
- Automatizzato / Manuale (Automated / Manual)
- Digitalizzato / Analogico (Digitalized / Analog)
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