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Pronomi personali complemento (La forma atona) / Complement personal pronouns (The atonic form).

Complement personal pronouns can perform two functions:

1. Direct (object) complement:

  • Anna ascolta me (Anna listens to me).
  • Anna mi ascolta(Anna listens to me).

2. Indirect complement:

  • Anna pensa a me (Anna thinks of me).
  • Anna mi pensa(Anna thinks of me).

Both functions can have two forms: (Tonica and Atona). The forms (Atona/Tonica) vary depending on whether they perform the function of direct (object) complement or indirect (object) complement.

2. La forma atona / The unstressed form.

La forma atona: is an unstressed (or weak) form, which relies on the verb:

  • Anna mi ascolta (Anna listens to me).
  • Anna mi pensa (Anna thinks of me).
Forma atona
Complemento diretto (oggetto)
Pronomi diretti forma atona
Forma atona
Complemento indiretto (di termine)
Pronomi indiretti forma atona
mimi (= a me)
titi (= a te)
lo/sigli/si (= a lui)
la/sile/si (= a lei)
ne
cici (= a noi)
vivi (= a voi)
li/sigli/si (= a loro) m.plu
le/sigli/si (= a loro) f.plu

In atonic forms (forme atone) the relevant element is the verb, on which the accent of the voice falls.

  • Non è stato possibile parlargli.
  • (It was not possible to speak to him).
  • Vi inviterò a casa mia la settimana prossima
  • (I will invite you to my house next week).

The weak form is used only to indicate the complement of the term [a chi? (to whom?)] and they normally precede the verb.

  • Ti consiglio di non dire sciocchezze.
  • (I advise you not to talk nonsense).
  • Telefonerò a voi domani = Vi telefonerò domain.
  • (I’ll call you tomorrow).
  • Porta le fotocopie a noi = Portaci le fotocopie.
  • (Bring the photocopies to us = Bring us the photocopies).

Direct and indirect pronouns

As shown in the table, the unstressed form (atonic) can be either direct or indirect.

  • Direct pronouns are used when the object in the sentence is direct, without any preposition (accusative case).
  • Indirect pronouns are used when the object in the sentence is indirect and is accompanied by the preposition a (dative case).
Pronomi diretti
(Direct pronouns)
Pronomi indiretti
(Indirect pronouns)
Noi mangiamo spesso la pasta
Noi la mangiamo spesso
Domani telefoneremo a Maria
Domani le telefoneremo
Noi mangiamo spesso il pane
Noi lo mangiamo spesso
Domani telefoneremo a Franco
Domani gli telefoneremo

Next lesson:

Posizione di pronomi atoni / Position of atonic pronouns.